Living at 119 West 115th Street in 1945, in a large apartment he shared with Kerouac and his new bride Edie Parker, Burroughs met Parker's roommate Joan Vollmer Adams. Around this time Burroughs became addicted to morphine. Carr had fatally stabbed Kammerer, a homosexual stalker who had relentlessly pursued him. In August 1944 Burroughs and Kerouac were arrested as material witnesses in a murder case involving two friends, Lucien Carr and David Kammerer. Like the 1960s, however, the Beat movement had its dark side. With their rejection of middle-class America's 1950s conformist values and their stress on the importance of individual freedom and expanded consciousness, Ginsberg's "Howl" (1956), Kerouac's On The Road (1957), and Burroughs's Naked Lunch (1959), inspired a generation of 1960s rebels bent on political, social, and spiritual reform. Together they launched the "Beat generation," the most significant literary movement in the second half of the twentieth century. Back in New York City in 1944, he met Jack Kerouac and Allen Ginsberg. In the summer of 1942 he was drafted, but he was honorably discharged in September after the Army reviewed his psychiatric history because of his mother's influence. Although Klapper immigrated to the United States, she and Burroughs never lived together as man and wife and divorced in 1946.Īfter his return to the United States, Burroughs took courses in psychology and anthropology at Harvard and Columbia. German-Jewish refugee, whom he married in 1937 in order to help her escape from Nazi Germany. in English in 1936, Burroughs studied medicine briefly at the University of Vienna.
Louis and Los Alamos, New Mexico, before entering Harvard University in 1932. Raised in an affluent household, Burroughs attended private schools in St. Lee, William was named after his paternal grandfather, the man who perfected the adding machine and set up the Burroughs Corporation. The second of two sons born to Mortimer Perry Burroughs, a businessman, and Laura Lee, a descendent of Confederate general Robert E. 2 August 1997 in Lawrence, Kansas), Beat generation novelist who authored Naked Lunch (1959) and served as a counterculture icon for the hippie and punk-rock movements.
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